Barry Mishkind

The Broadcasters' Desktop Resource

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In the Trenches

Curing Interference with a 2×4

Few things are more unnerving than getting a call where the FAA is claiming interference. Add in the FCC and other agencies, and solving the problem becomes top priority. As you will see, it seems important to make sure you have some lumber on hand. Years ago, after building an FM facility atop […]

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Mom, I Killed the Transmitter!

In the “Good Old Days,” aspiring broadcasters got training from mentors who usually prevented us from killing ourselves as we learned. Jim Michelinie shows the fine line between “getting it” and getting it. I built Knight kits found in the Allied Radio catalog as a kid. I was trained in basic electricity and […]

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ERI

Diddums R.I.P.

Many stations have mascots, even “house pets.” Of course, it is important that they not go into places where … erm … they should not go, lest they assume room temperature. But, just try telling that to a cat! I was either a party or a witness to some fairly auspicious WDVH moments […]

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Giving Personal Attention to Your Listeners

How to treat listeners properly:

Glen Kippel: “We don’t have voicemail at KWXY, so when people ask me to put them through to somebody’s voicemail they don’t know quite how to respond when I say “I’ll take a message.”

“Sometimes I’ll answer the phone: “Hello, you have reached K-W-X-Y. I am sorry, but we don’t have voicemail, so your call is being answered by a real, live human being. How may I help you?”

“Usually I get a few seconds of silence before they respond.”

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Western Union’s Time Was Up Years Ago

The year 1962

The place: Fort Lauderdale, FL – when “Miami” was still a separate market, and people listened to local radio. However, there were no network affiliates in Ft. Lauderdale, only Miami.

The prelude: I was CE of a 10 kW AM and a 33 kW FM in Ft. Lauderdale. I’d be bothered when I drove to Miami and ran out of range of my own station, finding my watch was a couple of minutes off, and have to set it. Then, I’d get back to Ft. Lauderdale and have to set it again.

But, nothing ever clicked.

The scene: We used WUTCo clocks, but never really joined a network program, so the jocks never griped about the clocks.

The action: One day, I get a “pink letter” in the mail from the FCC Monitoring Station about 12 miles west of Ft. Lauderdale, citing us for violating Section 73-whatever-it-is – “Transmitting False Signals,” stating they had observed our announcements of time and they were two minutes off. I of course tune in WWV, and by golly our WUTCO clocks are two minutes off. Now, the mystery of my watch comes clear!

Second act: I call WUTCo at Ft. Lauderdale. That’s a whole `nother story! Suffice it to say WUTCo’s rules for people that answered the phone seemed to require they did not answer for 189 rings, then sound like they were 125 years old and be totally uncommunicative.

The Dialogue: (after 189 rings for 20 minutes)

“Hullo?”

“Is that Western Union?”

“Yup.”

“My clocks seem to be two minutes slow here.”

“You’ll have to talk to the Wire Chief.”

(long silence)

“Well, may I speak to the Wire Chief, please?”

“He’s not here.”

“When will he be back?”

“Never.”

(To reduce the time for this typically painful exchange with WUTCo, I’ll revert to summary mode.)

It finally ensued that I learned the magic of WUTCo clocks was a “Master Clock” in each local area. It ran like an old schoolhouse clock with a punched paper tape to ring the bells — except that a WUTCo local master clock had only one set of holes at the top of the hour. When it ran past the holes, it sent a two-second pulse down a local telegraph loop with all the clocks around town wired in series like teleprinters. Receiving this current pulse would operate a solenoid in the clocks that pulled their second and minute hands up to the top of the hour, in some models illuminating a red light while the pulse was on. (Some radio stations had their own relay wired into the circuit, using it to put a time tone on at the top of the hour.)

The way the synchronization operation worked was that in each local area, it was the distinct “job” of the Wire Chief to be there at noon daily, to get a “click” on the sounder of one national wire, and set their local Master Clock to the once-a-day time from the national “click.”

However, at Fort Lauderdale, the Wire Chief had been promoted out of town TWO YEARS previously, so it was nobody’s job to set the local Master Clock.

Well, I had my answer for the FCC. “Dear FCC I have investigated the source of false signals you observed and found they were caused by erroneous information supplied by the Western Union Telegraph Company’s failure to maintain its tariffed Clock Service. Since Western Union personnel have told me they do not intend to correct the error in their tariffed service, we have instituted measures to obtain correct time from WWV. There should not be a recurrence of the false signals.”

Well, it took about two days for the phone calls to start — from inside every crack and crevice of Western Union, from Upper Saddle River, New Jersey to Hudson Street, Manhattan to Washington. DC to Atlanta, GA to Jacksonville, FL to Miami. A hundred or so insects came out of the WUTCo woodwork.

“Mr. Kimberlin? This is ______ from Western Union. Why didn’t you call ME about the problem with your clocks?”

“Where did you emerge from? Who are you? How the h— would I ever even know you existed?”

“Well, that’s all beside the point now. I want you to know that I have taken personal steps to see that your clocks will function perfectly from now on. If you EVER have ANY problem with ANYTHING at Western Union, I want you to call me personally. Here’s the unlisted direct in-dial number at my desk.”

I collected a huge list of names and numbers, and it seemed from that day on I never failed to get responsive service from WUTCo.

The point: Our story actually has a point It doesn’t matter if it’s telegraph, phone, electric, gas, water, sewer or bus company. If you take the time to find out what they are really selling, and you can couch your complaint in the terms of their tariffed deal with the public, you can make it stick if you have to … and from then on, you’ll have a whole different relationship with them. They WILL know your name and they’ll WANT to make you happy the next time you call … kinda like the famous joke about the Quaker with the mule!

(I only used this trick four times in 34 years — on WUTCo, Southern Bell (twice), and GTE of Florida — but it sure works!)

If people would learn enough to use it, they’d find a whole new relation with the Phoneco; the Waterco; the Gasco; the Powerco; the Cableco, and the You-Name-Itco.

– – –

Donald E. Kimberlin is semi-retired in Florida after a long career in telecommunications. You can contact Don at: donkimberlin@gmail.com

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Mystery VSWR Knocks Station Off

Few things are more frustrating than a transmitter that refuses to load into the antenna. Many issues can be in play, but when the transmitter just stops for no apparent reason, it can be pullout-the hair time. Here is a story of how thinking outside the box solved the problem. WBZU was off […]

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Chasing an Interference Bug

Dealing with the neighbors when there is an interference complaint can be as much of a “public relations” problem as a technical one. Burt Weiner has had a lot of experience in tracking down – and sometime even solving – interference issues. It started with a call from a client station regarding an […]

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When Antennas Attack

I have heard of transmitter fires, but how many folks have been attacked by their antennas? Pull up a chair and let grandpa Tom tell you this story.

It was around 1977 or so. The station was WLAV-FM. I had just installed a new 400-foot tower, with a brand new McMartin BF-25 transmitter and a brand new 5-bay antenna in them thar’ fancy white radomes.

First Signs of Trouble

Now keep in mind that the owner ordered the equipment first, then he hired the engineer. I would have preferred to specify different equipment. (In fact, I begged him to get a Collins FM transmitter.)

Everything was fine for a few months. Then I got a call from a friendly neighbor that the top tower light was all white, no red was showing. I thought: “Great, someone shot out the lens.” Back in those days, the FCC actually mattered, so I drove out to the site.

From three miles away I could see the white light from the tower. But it was on all the time. Great Guns! I figured the flasher had gotten stuck and shorted out. But as I got to the bottom of the road leading to the tower and walked to the gate to unlock it, it finally struck me: I could see a flashing red globe, maybe 20 feet above the white spot!

Arcs and Sparks

Getting to the building, it was pretty obvious that I had one bay arcing.

The transmitter showed 1.2 VSWR, up from the dead flat. I turned the transmitter off, then back on (thank you for the stories about the 500 kW WLW transmitter that arced). The arc stopped, and the VSWR now was normal. I stuck around for a bit to observe and then left.

The very next day, the transmitter dumped off and stayed down. When I got out to the site, I found the VSWR lamp tripped. I reset it and fired up the transmitter. I figured I would sit around for a bit and watch this for a while.

So I started some needed housecleaning. Thirty minutes later, as I was sweeping dust out the door, I heard the transmitter cycle off and on. A quick glance across the room showed the VSWR lamp lit up again (the last recycle holds the transmitter on the air). Still, everything else looked OK.

Now For Some Real Trouble

As I started walking out the door. I heard a whining, shrieking sound. Suddenly – just ten feet from me – a smoking piece of brass and copper landed. I glanced up, and I saw not one, but two white radomes on fire floating down!

I was under attack from my own antenna!

Quickly, I dove back into the “thank God it’s concrete” building and waited. Two bays-worth of copper and brass and two burned up radomes were sitting just a few feet from my truck. I waited. I waited some more. I waited even longer. And with my eyes up towards heaven, finally I walked out the building.

Under a New Antenna

I ordered out an exact replacement antenna, except this time I specified no radomes.

When the replacement arrived, its helix spacing was twice that of the burned up antenna. To this day, I am convinced that originally I was shipped a low power antenna, and had been running my full 21 kW TPO into it. Happily, the replacement antenna held up.

Somewhere I have some Polaroids of the two antennas side by side.

– – –

Tom Bosscher is Chief Engineer for Cornerstone University’s stations in Grand Rapids, MI. He can be reached at tom@bosscher.org

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